Cell infusion (intravenous or ovarian-directed injection) is an outpatient procedure requiring 15–45 minutes. Ovarian injection may require sedation or general anaesthesia; recovery is 24–48 hours. Hormonal and reproductive outcomes take weeks to months to manifest; pregnancy, if achieved, can take 6–12 months of treatment and attempted conception.
Thirty-five completed trials and 3 actively recruiting trials are registered for POI cell therapy, predominantly using autologous or allogeneic placental MSCs and fetal-derived cell preparations. Trial designs vary from direct ovarian injection to systemic intravenous infusion. Outcomes tracked include restored menstruation, improved hormone levels (oestradiol, FSH), pregnancy achievement, and ultrasound evidence of follicle development. Approximately 30–50% of treated women report return of menstrual cycles within 3–6 months; pregnancy rates (per cycle or per treatment) vary widely (10–40% in published small series) and are confounded by concurrent fertility treatments (in-vitro fertilisation, egg freezing).
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Medically reviewed by StemCellAtlas’s editorial team with Dr Dmytro Stoyanov (Urologist · 31+ yrs clinical practice) of partner clinic Stem Plus (Sofia), against ISSCR, FDA & EMA guidance. Educational information, not medical advice; figures indicative.
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