Cell therapies

Neurogenic Cells

Not a standardised product category. No consensus definition, no agreed release criteria.

Undefined product category

Medical review statusPending clinical sign-offLast evidence update: 2026-08-05Methodology and editorial standards
Clinical review team: Dr Kamelia Milcheva, Hematologist · Dr Vadym Uvarov, Board-Certified Physician · Hepatobiliary Surgeon · Candidate of Medical SciencesEditorial responsibility: StemCellAtlas research teamEducational information only. This page does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or a treatment recommendation.

What it actually is

'Neurogenic cells' is a descriptive label applied to preparations directed toward neuronal or glial lineages. Unlike mesenchymal stromal cells, which have published ISCT minimal criteria, this term has no agreed definition. Two products sold under this name may share nothing but the word. That is the single most important fact about the category.

Where it comes from

Varies by provider and is often unstated. Preparations may originate from neural tissue, from pluripotent lines differentiated toward neural lineages, or from mesenchymal cells cultured under conditions that shift marker expression toward neural phenotypes. Marker shift under culture conditions is not the same as functional neuronal identity.

How it is made — and what can go wrong

Differentiation protocols differ substantially, and completeness of differentiation is rarely reported. The meaningful questions are what proportion of the final product expresses the intended markers, and whether the cells are functionally characterised — for instance by electrophysiology — or only by staining.

Regulatory status

No approved product under this label. Because the category is undefined, it cannot be matched against a regulatory precedent, which means the burden of demonstrating what is actually being administered falls entirely on the provider.

What the evidence shows

Neural cell therapy is a serious research field, particularly in Parkinson's disease, where trials of dopaminergic neuron replacement are well documented and use precisely defined cell products. Those programmes are not interchangeable with a clinic offering 'neurogenic cells' — the specificity of the product is the whole point.

Limits worth knowing

Absence of a standard definition means no comparability between providers, no meaningful literature search on the label alone, and no way to map a marketing term onto published evidence. Ask what the cells actually are before asking what they do.

What this could actually be used for

Neural stem and progenitor cells are already committed to the nervous system. They can become neurons and the glia that support them, and they survive in nervous tissue where other transplanted cells do not.

This is the one family where genuine replacement of lost cells in the central nervous system is the stated aim rather than signalling. It is also the family where that aim is hardest, because the nervous system is wiring: a cell in the right place with the wrong connections is not a partial success.

Stroke and traumatic injury 10 studies registered

The realistic target is not the destroyed core but the tissue around it — circuits that are impaired yet alive. The proposed contribution is support and local signalling that lets surviving circuits recover function, which is why outcome measures here are motor scores rather than images of new tissue. All cell therapy research registered for this condition →

Spinal cord injury 7 studies registered

A defined anatomical gap, which sounds like the easiest possible target and is not. Producing cells is not the obstacle; getting axons to cross the scar and reconnect to the correct targets on the far side is, and no cell type solves that by itself. All cell therapy research registered for this condition →

Progressive degeneration 9 studies registered

Where the lost population is identifiable and local, replacement is at least conceptually possible. Where loss is diffuse, as in most dementias, it is not — and that distinction, not the cell, decides which diagnoses belong on this list at all. All cell therapy research registered for this condition →

Demyelinating disease 2 studies registered

Here the target is the insulation rather than the neuron: supplying cells able to remyelinate axons that are intact but no longer conducting properly. All cell therapy research registered for this condition →

Retina and optic nerve

Retinal progenitors are studied in the eye for the same reasons pluripotent grafts are — a small, contained, directly observable site with a short delivery route.

Where it stops. Two of the largest programmes in this area were run by companies that later wound them down. That shows up in the registry table below as an unusually high share of terminated and withdrawn studies, and it belongs in any honest picture of where this stands.

What the registry actually shows for this cell type

Our own count of every study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under this cell type, retrieved 2026-09-04. A registration is a declaration of intent, not a result — which is why the status column matters more than the total does.

Status in the registryStudiesShare
Status not updated by sponsor1627%
Completed1424%
Recruiting now712%
Not yet recruiting712%
Terminated early58%
Active, closed to entry47%
Withdrawn before enrolling47%
Suspended23%
All registered studies59100%

Reading it: 11 studies stopped before finishing — terminated, withdrawn or suspended, 19% of the total; 11 studies carry no assigned trial phase, meaning they sit outside the phased development path that leads to an approved medicine; 10 studies reached Phase 2 or later, against 38 studies still at Phase 1 or earlier; 16 records have not had a status update from the sponsor and may be dormant.

The directions above describe where the biology points and where research has been registered. They are not claims that any of it works, not evidence of benefit, and not a treatment recommendation. Counts are our own extraction from the ClinicalTrials.gov API, retrieved 2026-09-04; the queries behind them are published with the dataset so that anyone can repeat the count.

Conditions where this cell family is studied

Public registries do not carry a separate category for this sub-type. Studies using it are recorded under the broader mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) heading, alongside bone marrow, adipose and umbilical sources. The counts below therefore describe the MSC family, which includes this preparation but is not limited to it.

From clinicaltrials.gov API v2, snapshot 2026-08-29. Dark overlay marks studies currently recruiting.

Knee osteoarthritis124Cirrhosis62Crohn disease / IBD52Stroke recovery45Spinal cord injury38Multiple sclerosis37Heart failure32Diabetes29ALS29Alzheimer disease23Lupus23Erectile dysfunction23
Registered MSC-family studies by condition, recruiting subset overlaid. Source: clinicaltrials.gov API v2, retrieved 2026-08-29.
ConditionRegistered MSC studiesRecruiting nowShare
Knee osteoarthritis124919%
Cirrhosis6259%
Crohn disease / IBD5268%
Stroke recovery4577%
Spinal cord injury3826%
Multiple sclerosis3736%
Heart failure3235%
Diabetes2914%
ALS2924%
Alzheimer disease2364%
Lupus2344%
Erectile dysfunction2354%
All 26 conditions tracked65774100%

657 registered studies across 26 conditions, of which 74 are recruiting. Knee osteoarthritis alone takes 19% of them. A provider offering this preparation for a condition near the bottom of the table is working far outside where the research sits.

One question the table cannot answer for you: ask which registered study used their preparation, from their tissue source, at their dose. A family-level count is not evidence for a specific product. The split across MSC, HSCT and exosomes is in the cell type by condition map.

What to ask before agreeing to anything

  1. What is the precise cell identity — starting material, differentiation protocol, final phenotype?
  2. Which markers are expressed, in what proportion, and is there any functional characterisation?
  3. Which published literature describes this exact preparation, not the general term?
  4. Why is this preparation proposed over a defined product used in registered trials?
A cell label is not a treatment recommendation. Composition, manufacturing and authorisation differ between providers using the same word. Take the exact written proposal to a physician who is independent of the clinic selling it.

Sources behind the numbers on this page

Study counts above are our own extraction from ClinicalTrials.gov; the links let you reproduce them. Not medical advice, and not an assessment of whether any treatment is appropriate for you.

Compare cell-therapy evidence, registered studies and published price observations.

StemCellAtlas is a source-first research and cost-planning guide. It separates registry and regulator evidence from heterogeneous commercial observations.

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