Motor or sensory improvement (≥2-point ASIA scale increase, measurable strengthening or sensation recovery in muscles/dermatomes below injury level) is documented in 40–55% of treated cohorts in chronic SCI. Complete functional restoration (return to pre-injury ambulation or bladder control) remains rare; most benefit manifests as partial recovery enabling improved wheelchair transfers, reduced spasticity, or modest ambulatory gain. Acute SCI shows higher functional variability; some achieve near-complete recovery, whilst others plateau at baseline.
Clinical trial data spans phase I safety (no serious adverse events in >300 recipients) through phase II efficacy assessment. Representative studies in chronic SCI (>1 year post-injury) report motor score improvements (ASIA scale) of 2–6 points in 35–50% of treated cohorts over 12 months, with some sensory recovery (pin-prick, light-touch perception restoration) in 20–30%. Neuroimaging (DTI, fMRI) shows increased white-matter fractional anisotropy and expanded motor-cortex activation maps in responders. Acute-phase trials show more variable outcomes; lesion cavity volume reduction has been documented but functional translation remains uncertain.
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Medically reviewed by StemCellAtlas’s editorial team with Kiian Nadiia, MD, PhD (Paediatric Neurologist · Medical Director, CSM Clinic Network · 12+ yrs in Autism Spectrum Disorders) of partner clinic Stem Plus (Sofia), against ISSCR, FDA & EMA guidance. Educational information, not medical advice; figures indicative.
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